Bearing end cover function, structure and process design analysis

A, the action of bearing end cover bearing end cover as one of a kind of very important mechanical parts, are the main external bearing parts, its application is very extensive. About the parts of the surface of the main work for end face and the left end of the cylindrical surface, normally work: ( 1) Bearing outer ring axial positioning; ( 2) Dustproof and seal, besides itself can be dustproof and seal, also often and seals cooperate to express to the seal; ( 3) Between lathe spindle motor and the box cover, main transmission torque and buffer shock absorption effect, helps to smooth the rotation of the spindle box. Figure 1 bearing end cover, bearing end cover structure bearing end cover to fixed bearing, adjust bearing clearance and axial force. The structure of the bearing cover with embedded and flange type two kinds. Each has a blank cap and transparent cover. 1, embedded bearing end cover, simple and compact structure, no fixed screw, small diameter, light weight, short overhang shaft dimensions. But the end cover installation and adjust bearing clearance is difficult, sealed performance is poor, and two slotted holes machining time consuming. Embedded bearing end cover is used for light weight, compact structure, the structure and size as shown in figure 2. Figure 2 embedded bearing end cover structure size 2, flange type bearing end cover installation, disassembly, adjust bearing clearance is more convenient, sealing performance, so widely used. But the disadvantage is that outer profile size is large, and need to join a group of screw. The structure and size as shown in figure 3. Figure 3 flange bearing end cover the structure size of 3, when the end cover a longer cooperate with hole, in order to reduce the contact area, at the end of casting or car out of a smaller diameter, but must keep enough length d, here with the length of e1 = ( 0. 10 to 0. 15) For bearing outside diameter, D, D figure face sunken in the delta value, but also to reduce the machining surface. As shown in figure 4. Figure 4 bearing end cover 4 end structure, because of the end cover is multi-purpose cast iron casting, so it is very good considering casting process. For example when designing wearing thong-style bearing end cover figure 5, seal need a larger cover thickness (the device Figure 5 a) Should be considered when casting process, make the whole end cover thickness, such as ( Figure 5 b, c) Is shown in a good structure. Figure 5 wearing thong-style bearing end cover three, bearing end cover process design bearing end cover face and require both internal and external round surface turning processing, can use half a fine and coarse models, and separately from the rough and finish machining should be in place to ensure that the surface roughness requirements, its main bearing end cover process design is as follows: 1, the aging treatment of metal casting blank for artifacts vaporware cover class, because of the uneven thickness of each part, there is a big casting stress, easy to cause defects such as deformation, so we must arrange artificial aging treatment. For the end cover, the accuracy requirement, can use natural park between the rough, finishing process and shipping time, get the effect of natural aging treatment. Its natural aging treatment of time as long as possible, otherwise it will affect the stability of the end cover with precision. For precision end cover in particular, should also be arranged between roughing and finishing processes - Artificial aging, in order to eliminate casting stress, improve the accuracy of stability. 2, the order of the processing technology should be after surface hole as end cover mainly two kinds of processing surface on a flat surface and hole, from the Angle of stable and reliable positioning analysis, plane is much more superior than hole, at the same time can also make uniform hole machining allowance; From the analysis on machining difficulty, plane easier than hole processing; From favorable processing on analysis, USES the first plane after machining hole distribution on the plane, as a result of the casting surface defects such as uneven and sand inclusion has been removed, which is advantageous to the hole machining. 3, rough and finish machining processing stage for the end cover of cast iron parts, separate reserved machining allowance is more, in the rough machining cutting allowance is bigger, clamping force, cutting force is bigger, and the cutting heat is more, so influence on machining precision is also larger; Combined with rough machining is cutting hair embryo surface metal, workpiece internal stress redistribution, can also cause deformation. Therefore, rough and finish machining is divided into two processing stage, to the after rough machining, due to various causes the deformation of workpiece fully exposed, the finishing stage to eliminate. 4, the workpiece cleaning at the same time, the this step is also very important. Cleaning work to ensure the quality of machine assembly, prolong the service life of machine all have important significance, especially for precision matching piece, seal is more important. The purpose of cleaning is to remove fog on the surface of the oil and impurities. Commonly used cleaning fluid with kerosene, gasoline, alkali and chemical cleaning fluid, etc. , can be used when cleaning swab, dip, spray cleaning methods such as ultrasonic cleaning.