Locomotive parts technology: the diagnosis method of rolling bearing and fault analysis

As the main components of locomotive bearing ( 装配单元) , especially the traction motor and axle box bearing, its function plays an important role in transportation safety, the locomotive running online ( Windows) , once the fault of the bearings, will cause the whole trains can not run, blocking transportation trunk line, especially the passenger train fails, the negative impact is bigger, once the locomotive bearing failure occurs at the same time, the locomotive repair is very difficult, so as to prevent or reduce the locomotive bearing fault occurs, transportation is very important to the security of locomotive, can in front of the bearing loading would have detected the problems of bearing, ensure that qualified bearing parts get in the car is the focus of this paper. Bearing fault ( 错误) Bearing damage, often is not a single cause, but under the effect of several aspects comprehensive, under harsh operating conditions to produce vicious circle, continue) , leading to a serious loss bearing, so after the accident, it is often difficult to determine is caused by what, also give us relevant measures to bring certain difficulties, convenient for discussion, first carries on the analysis from several aspects the bearing failure ( 错误) The reason why. When installing the impact on the bearing assembly bearing does not press process ( 技术) Requirements, copper hammer impact bearing, resulting in cage deformation, traction motor bearings, motor bearings inside and outside the ring installation ( ān zhuāng) Incorrect or other reasons and make the axial transverse momentum disappear, cause bearing shaft crushed to death. Thin wall bearings manufacturer of angular contact ball bearings can match the optimal number of balls and the contact Angle of 30 °. They support radial load is higher than contact bearing deep groove ball bearings or four o 'clock, and can support comes from the same direction of axial load. For special requirements, bearing ( 轴承) Improper assembly cooperate clearance fit, also easy to cause bearing failure ( 错误) , small clearance is easy to cause the roller and raceway friction heat, as the temperature ( 温度) Rising, the bearing inner ring, rolling body, cage, outer ring, the temperature of the end cover is not the same, there is a temperature difference between each other, thus expanding quantity is slightly different, also can make further reduce the tolerance clearance, according to the bearing heating. Thin wall bearing manufacturer for bearing low friction torque, high rigidity, good rotation accuracy, using the small diameter steel ball. The use of hollow shaft, ensure the lightweight and wiring of the space. Thin wall type bearing has realized the extremely thin cross section of the bearing, also has realized the product miniaturization, lightweight. The diversity of products extends its application scope. Clearance is too large, the vibration of the roller, roller and race, but also easy to cause the internal load distribution, load bearing roller, the roller load is too large. Bearing inner ring do not tally with the axis of the interference fit clearance, it is easy to cause the bearing fault ( 错误) , interference quantity is big, easy to cause the bearing inner ring cleft, due to excessive tensile stress interference quantity is too small, it is easy to cause the bearing inner ring; Relaxation; 。 Bearing abnormal abrasion use after a period of time when the bearing, bearing inner ring, rolling element and cage, outer ring raceway produce certain defects, such as scars, cause poor lubrication of bearing, cause bearing of fever, fever for a long period of time, can lead to: ( 1) Bearing lubrication ( lubrication) Oil dilution. So in the online operation, such as found bearing severe fever, smoke, don't stop, and should keep running to stand ahead, because this moment overheated bearings in melting state, once the parking is unable to walk again after cooling, the main block. Due to these reasons, and further form vicious circle, accelerated overheating and make the bearing damage. ( 2) Accelerate the fatigue of material, hardness drop ( descend) 。 Serious bearing ( 轴承) Displacement of inner ring, rolling body round, heating, welding together in the end. For locomotive bearing ( 轴承) Oil for maintenance is very important, especially for bearing the right amount of gas can guarantee good lubrication bearing, lack of too much oil and gas are easy to cause the bearing fault ( 错误) , oil and less likely to cause poor lubrication bearing and fever, and much more likely to cause a stir overheating, so in the maintenance of oil to appropriate, at the same time, the cleaning of the bearing lubrication oil is very important, once the fall into the other impurities in the oil and water, will affect the normal clearance and building must be the oil film. The use of the bearing ( 使用) Time is too long, more than the bearing service life and easy to lead to material fatigue, coupled with strong impact and make the material deformation, stripping, caused the roller and raceway surface grinding, resulting in the lubrication ( lubrication) Bad and vibration. Bearing ( 轴承) SMC on an article: with high-speed machine tool spindle bearing technology is introduced in the next article: maintenance of centrifugal pump bearings technical standards