Microscopic analysis of miniature bearings

Including optical microscopic analysis of failure bearings of metallographic analysis, electron microscopic analysis, probes and electronic energy spectrum analysis, etc. Mainly according to the failure characteristics of the area change and microstructure analysis of fatigue, crack sources for failure analysis to provide more sufficient criterion or disproof. Microscopic analysis is the most common, the most popular methods in optical metallographic analysis and surface hardness measurement. The analysis of the content should include ( 1) Raw material material is in accordance with the standards and design requirements. ( 2) Bearing parts matrix organization and heat treatment quality meets the quality requirements. ( 3) Surface decarburization layer organization exists, troostite and other surface processing metamorphic layer. ( 4) Measurement of carburized layer and multilayer metal surface strengthening layer organization such as the depth, the shape and depth of corrosion pit or crack, and according to the shape of the crack and on both sides of the organizational characteristics determine the causes of cracks and properties. ( 5) According to the grain size, deformation and partial transformation, recrystallization and phase gathered judgment deformation degree, the condition of temperature, material type and the technological process, etc. ( 6) Measurement matrix hardness, hardness uniformity and the hardness of the failure characteristics of the change. ( 7) Fracture observation and analysis. Scanning electron microscope (sem) due to the large depth of field, high magnification and image clear advantages, such as observation of the fracture, qualitative and measuring the superiority. ( 8) Electron microscope, probe and electron energy spectrum in source and fatigue crack source analysis can detect fracture foreign body into the nature of the points, analysis of fracture and fracture. Here introduces general methods of bearing failure analysis of three steps, is a process of gradually in-depth analysis of its excellent. Concrete analysis should be based on the characteristics of bearing failure types, not every problem in three steps, and each method corresponding to use, want to decide according to specific situation. But in the whole process of analysis, three steps are short of one cannot, and in the process of the whole analysis, always put the analysis result and the internal and external factors causing the failure of the bearing contact up to make a comprehensive consideration and judgment. See chapter 4 for the specific method of rolling bearing fault diagnosis.