Classification and common lathe work purposes

Many different kinds of lathe, depending on the purpose and structure of lathe can be divided into: ordinary lathe, single spindle automatic lathe, multi-axis semi-automatic lathes, turret lathe, vertical lathe, copying and multiple blade lathe and specialization lathe, CNC lathe, etc. The ordinary lathes, turret lathe and vertical lathe for general lathe. This kind of ordinary lathe lathe according to different center height and center distance, and can be divided into a variety of different specifications of the engine lathe, such as C6132, C6250, etc. That they can complete all kinds of solid of revolution turning workpiece, can also turning all sorts of thread, such as the metric threads, the inch thread, the modulus thread, diametral pitch and end face, etc. Engine lathe has been widely used in mechanical processing. Turret lathe in order to meet the batch production and improve production efficiency, on the basis of ordinary lathe, the development of the turret lathe. On the structure, turret lathe with ordinary lathe is the most important difference: turret lathe turret head instead of the ordinary lathe tailstock, some with rotary tool post instead of the ordinary lathe tool carriage and the tailstock. Ordinary lathe can be processed by the general parts, turret lathe can be processed, but on the turret lathe, processing thread used tap or die. According to the turret lathe process characteristics, it is suitable for processing complicated shape of multistage small parts for form below. When processing the parts, turret lathe special tool post are available, and install all steps required for a variety of tools and molding tools, machining workpiece in turn, can realize multiple blade turning on turret lathe, shorten the cutting time. But this kind of machine tool without horizontal and vertical cheng is iron, processing need to spend more time control, thus not suitable for single piece small batch production. Vertical lathe is the main characteristic of vertical lathe spindle is perpendicular to the workbench, the clamping workpiece on the workbench. Vertical lathe is suitable for machining large diameter, shorter length of heavy industry, this is because the vertical lathe, clamping parts, looking for is more convenient, and the workbench and base between the rotary guide rail has good tolerance, the running smoothness of good at work, and parts processing quality is higher, but the parts on the ordinary lathe and face lathe processing, the quality is difficult to guarantee. Vertical lathe can be divided into single column vertical lathe, and two kinds of double column vertical lathe. Single column vertical lathe usually have a vertical tool rest, and a ram head, the two rest has independent feed box, can work alone or at the same time, vertical and horizontal feeding. Specifications of large vertical lathe, generally speaking, there are two columns. In order to convenient manufacturing, double column vertical lathe beam usually have two vertical tool rest, and a ram head. Larger double column vertical lathe in two columns have a ram head. Numerical control lathe numerical control lathe is developed by the lathe, and increased the program on a host computer control system, through the program control machine tool action, according to the procedures prescribed by the complete cycle of the whole process of processing. Now the numerical control lathe has been spread to the microcomputer control, numerical control lathe currently has two categories, one belongs to simple microcomputer control machine tool, the second for the computer control of machine tools. At work, according to the numerical control lathe operations input program instructions, and the result will be entered into the drive. Control drive is in accordance with the instruction of operation, the result will be entered into the drive and control the center of the drive drive device ( Stepper motor) Drive the mechanical drive mechanism, control of machine tool work step ( Vertical and horizontal dragging plate) Work and realize cutting movement. In addition, according to its machining precision is different, the lathe is divided into ordinary lathe, precision lathe with high precision lathe. Precision and high precision lathe, usually on the basis of ordinary precision lathe, through improve the volumetric accuracy of machine tool, so as to reduce the vibration and the influence of heat source, and USES the high performance of bearing, the machine has high machining accuracy.