What are the advantages and disadvantages of electromagnetic bearings?

Electromagnetic bearing is a sliding bearing that uses electric field force and magnetic field force to levitate the shaft. It is mostly used in electromagnetic bearings because there is no direct contact between the shaft and the bearing, no lubrication is required, it can work in a vacuum and within a wide temperature range, the friction resistance is small, and it is not subject to speed restrictions (some speeds are as high as 23 million rpm, line The speed is up to 3 times the speed of sound), the service life is long, and the structure can be diversified.

1. The advantages of electromagnetic bearings are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. High speed: The electromagnetic bearing allows the rotor to rotate at high speed. Its speed is mainly limited by the strength of the material. It can work under supercritical conditions of hundreds of thousands of revolutions per minute. The rotation accuracy of the rotor can even be as high as micron level or even higher. , which is a speed and precision that is difficult to achieve with ordinary mechanical bearings.

2. Low power consumption: Since the electromagnetic bearing has no mechanical contact and almost no friction, the power consumption to overcome the friction is very low. For example, when the rotation speed is 10,000 r/min, its power consumption is only about 15% of that of a mechanical bearing.

3. Low maintenance cost and long life: Since the electromagnetic bearing has no contact, no wear, and no contact with the moving surface, there is no mechanical friction and contact fatigue, which solves the problem of mechanical component loss and lifespan. At the same time, the reliability of electronic components of electromagnetic bearings is much higher than that of traditional mechanical components.

2. The shortcomings of electromagnetic bearings are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. High cost: The manufacturing process of electromagnetic bearings requires precise processes and materials, resulting in relatively high costs.

2. Requires power supply: Electromagnetic bearings require power supply to work properly. If power interruption or other problems occur, their normal operation may be affected.

3. Requirements for the working environment: Electromagnetic bearings need to work in a dry, dust-free environment. If the humidity in the working environment is too high or there are dust particles, its performance and service life may be affected.